Sleep comes in ~90-minute cycles — waking up mid-cycle is what makes you feel groggy. Pick a wake-up or bedtime and see the times that land you between cycles.
Assumes ~14 minutes to fall asleep, then full 90-minute cycles. 5-6 cycles (7.5-9 hours) is the range most adults land in.
The calculator adds a 14-minute fall-asleep buffer to whole multiples of a 90-minute sleep cycle, then walks through 3 to 6 cycles (4.5 to 9 hours) to produce a list of bed or wake times, wrapping the result around a 24-hour clock. Entering a wake-up time subtracts each cycle length to find candidate bedtimes; entering a bedtime adds each cycle length to find candidate wake-up times.
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